Hi Jenna Bass
Some of the species of fish include Bass (Smallmouth and Largemouth), Pickeral(Walleye), Trout ( In some lakes), Northern Pike, Muskies ( Look similar to Pike)
Most of the species above can be caught in the Ottawa River now depending on if your fishing from a boat or from the shore spots will vary.
As for gear and license you can pick up a license at a Local Canadian Tire store and there are two kinds the conservation and the regular one I would recommend the regular one but ask the person at the store to tell you the difference between the two and you can decide which oneis best for you.
I would also recommend picking up a Rules and Regulations for fishing in Ontario and a Guide to eating fish in Ontario both will give you important info on what you can fish for , when you can fish for that species and what you can and can't eat - trust me you do not want to be caught fishing for something at of season. The ministry takes it serious better to be safe than sorry.
LeBaron is a great spot for supplies as is Manotick there is a store called Manotick Bait Shop with some different stuff not found in LeBaron.
Hope this helps on getting you started on this great sport anything else let me know
Cheers
